Scandinavian Thor is often compared with Zeus the Thunderer, the Slavic fire god Perun, Svarog, and other representatives of ancient world religions. How Each Thor Character Compares To Their Mythological Counterpart, 10 Marvel Character Variants We Want To See In Multiverse Of Madness. breaking the hearts of her children, especially Thor. Little is known about him, but he was from Iceland and lived during the second half of the 10th century. The hammer had been one of the many gifts crafted by the dwarves when Loki replaced Sifs hair with gold. The Norse god Thor was derived from the widespread sky god archetype of Indo-European mythology. Archaeologists have found many pendants in the form of a hammer covered with patterns and, Babies always had a small hammer on a waxed cord around their necks, often done at the same time as the naming of the newborn. This can be interpreted as Master of Ecstasy. Jormungandr will become uneasy in the frigid seas that encircle Midgard and rise to the surface. Who Were the Valkyries in Norse Mythology? In a drinking contest, Thor was unable to empty even half of his horn. He traveled across realms, fought monsters, and killed giants with his legendary hammer. Thor Viking god, for example, was the god who could cause thunder and lightning, but he used them only against the giants, protecting the human world and the fortress of Asgard from them. Which Norse God has a horse named Sleipnir? Shame and shame: like an old granny, the hammer had been stolen from under his nose. On the raging waves of this worldwide flood the terrifying ship Naglfar, made of the nails of the dead, will sail out of Helheim (alternatively, it will ride out on ice frozen over three years of winter, in the manner of a giant sled). This is a legitimate assumption, which, however, can be confirmed by a single circumstantial indication. This meaning comes from his fierce and completely terrifying demeanor in battles. In the European territories of the Germanic tribes, he was dedicated the same day of the week, in Rome to Jupiter. Therefore, these divine beings are considered the most important in the Thor family tree. However, unlike other gods-thunderer, Thor is not the full head of the pantheon of Germanic-Scandinavian deities, because a number of his functions in the mythology have taken over Odin and Tiu (Tr). The film version also tends to be light-hearted, though not in the way the thunder god is usually depicted, whose crass jokes fit the Nordic Viking culture. Many names that are known from the period pay homage to Thor. We cant say that Thor Greek god, because he isnt considered in their culture. The gods of Asgard are used to combat them and protect the realms they inhabit. Origins. But you are no better than any of us. Bor is the grandfather of Thor and the father of Odin, Vili, and Ve. Heimdall, the ace of Heimdall, was silent the longest. When the gods need someone to demolish a troll, Thor is the one they call. Like many thunder gods, Thor was known for his physical strength and quick temper. In this sort of context, Odin may have the advantage of being able to manipulate the environment to his will and outsmart Thanos, allowing him to come out victorious in battle. For example, Thor is positioned as antagonistic toward Loki well before most of the other gods become hostile to the trickster. As well as thunderstorms, Thor is associated with oak trees, and is said to protect mankind. Loki was soon introduced into the story as Thors adopted brother, reflecting the Norse trickster deitys status as a one-time friend of the Aesir gods. The handle of the weapon was too short, which shifted the center of gravity. As soon as they arrive, the pair is set upon by a gang of giants from the cave of Geirrr, but Thor and Thjalfi quickly put them to flight. In history, however, Thor would live on. Edda notes that the scorched earth was left behind the chariot, and the mountains crumbled and cracked behind it. And the old woman he wrestled had been Old Age itself, which no man or god would ever be able to defeat. Webyes Thor is physically stronger than his father in both the MCU and the comics. Fjorgyn nurtures the divine children and protects mortal children, and thus humanity. He is only defeated after receiving assistance from Metis, the goddess of wisdom, who casts a spell to bind him so that Zeus can defeat him. Her name means Strength. Nevertheless, we in Skarsgaard believe in much more than that. WebBooks. He is considered the main villain. Thor (Old Norse: rr) is the Norse god of thunder, the sky, and agriculture. It takes us on a journey through the realm of the giants to meet Geirrr, with vivid descriptions of the departure, voyage across the sea, and trek through the wilderness.. Eventually, all the gods would be positioned against Loki. a. Soba b. Nasu c. !Cucumbers d. Kabocha. He to whom armys make offeringHewed down the dolt-like dwellersOf the cloud-abyss of Elf-Home,Crushing them with the fragmentOf Grdrs Rod: the litterOf hawks, the race of ListiCould not harm the help-strongQueller of Ellas Stone-Folk. Heimdall suggested that Thor disguise himself as Freyja to steal Mjlnir back. Seafarers and pirates of the North worshiped 6ogy who loved battles and believed that in Valhalla, Odins silver-roofed dwelling, this one-eyed god gathered a host of Einherians, valiant fallen warriors. Although its handle was slightly too short for it to be perfectly balanced, Mjlnir was still a remarkable weapon. Thor was against the idea, but Loki decided to accompany him as a maid. There are several nuances, non-compliance with which will cause unpredictable consequences, about which we will tell below. Additionally, Thors hammer is not just a regular hammer, it is made from a special material called Uru, which is enchanted with powerful sorcery. Thor is the son of Odin and the earth goddess Erd, he represents strength Then, after quenching his thirst with sacred honey, he received from the giant Blthorn, his maternal grandfather, the magical runes the carriers of wisdom. When Thor was hungry, he roasted goats and ate them. Once Thor was a guest of the giantess Jarnsaksa, rejoicing at the strength and prowess of his son Magni. He was believed to be the guard of the Bifrost bridge and was fated to die in battle against the trickster god Loki when both would manage to kill the other during Ragnarok. Odin is also known as being the ruler of the gods. That is why Tor was loved and revered by all, his feats piled up a lot of funny and instructive stories, which can be imagined by what incredible qualities endowed obstinate ace people. His second partner was named J rd and she was personification of Earth. In some ancient Greek stories, such as Homers Iliad, the Giant Typhon appears as a formidable foe of Zeus, who is described as terrible, outrageous and powerful. Thor shook with inner laughter when he saw his mighty hammer. He was the most intimidating of the Norse gods, as seen in the fact that even the rebellious Loki avoided conflict with him. Symbols connected to Thor are often found throughout Scandinavia, Germany, and Britain. In the Comics, he surpasses him. Say hello to Old King Thor: Old King Thor has some godly feats. * He blasted Gorr light years away in moments. * H Einheria the fallen warriors taken into the retinue of the, Odin or Wotan, Wodan (all-father, warrior), the supreme god of Nordic-Germanic mythology, son of Bor and Bestla, grandson of Storm. WebFreyja, (Old Norse: Lady), most renowned of the Norse goddesses, who was the sister and female counterpart of Freyr and was in charge of love, fertility, battle, and death. Then suddenly he laughed merrily, came up to Thor, embraced him like a red maiden, and said: What if we dressed you up as a bride? Thor was humiliated, but tgara-Loki commended him for doing much better than another else could have managed. Ironically, he shared many of the traits of these mythical creatures. Thor purposefully dragged the test out, prolonging it until the sun rose. Meaning and Epithets. Despite his importance in the Geirrd is strong and cunning, be careful of him, said the giantess, pulling out a large ancient chest from under the bed and beginning to look for something in it. The Norse god became a comic book hero. This story showed that Thor could be defeated, but his strength was still far beyond that of any man or even the other gods. One day, the giant decided to pretend to be a builder to build a wall around the entire Asgard. Finally, Thor had famous stepsons as well. He is arguably the most famous Norse deity. A powerful new hero debuted with Mjolnir as the Mighty Thor. All of these word forms have one translation, earth. In Snorri Sturlusons Vision of Gulvi from the Younger Edda, Jord is mentioned as a woman of Odin, but not as his wife. One of the most popular stories was that of Thors fishing trip with a giant named Hymir. They are bound together by an ancient rite of brotherhood. Thors magical Belt of Power doubles his bodily power and iron gauntlets. His first partner Frigg was mother to three of his 6 children, Hermod (messenger of the gods), Hod (the blind son) & Baldr (The god of light purity and summer). She was supposedly worshipped as the goddess incarnate of the earth. Soon, he felt a bite on the line and began to pull with all his incredible strength. His other interests include working with children, reading, and music. Nevertheless, their weapons, the hammer and the ax have very different histories of origin. Suddenly, wings rustled just above his head and Loki appeared before his eyes. Odin is the Allfather of the Norse gods and the ruler of Asgard. Thor was an important god to the people of early medieval Scandinavia, but his influence continues to be felt in our own culture. While the Greeks imagined chaos as a nebulous formless mass, the Scandinavians, influenced by the surrounding nature, imagined chaos as fire and ice. Once in a while, Thor even had to humiliate himself to defeat his enemies. In his physical strength, Thor is comparable to Hercules, who at an early age also exhibited miracles of strength, strangling snakes in his cradle and then happily battling giants and monsters. It is unclear whether she or Sif was the mother of his other son, Mi. No one will suspect a trick.. Having lost the bet, the giant becomes enraged. It was thought to be difficult even for Thor to lift the hammer, but with his strength, he used the weapon successfully in battle. He is the son of Odin, chief of the gods, and Odin's consort Jord (Earth) and husband of One of the central themes of the poem is the immense difficulty that Thor and his companion, Thjalfi, encounter while facing a powerful river that has been stirred up by a mythical female being. Because dwarves turned to stone when exposed to the light of the sun, Alviss was petrified and Thors daughter was saved. This particular story reveals Zeus as having weaknesses and vulnerabilities as without support from other gods, nothing would have been done to prevent the coup. However, this doesnt necessarily mean that Thor is more powerful than Odin. What is the most rare sword in One Piece. The myth recounting this has been lost, but it probably explained how Heimdalll acquired his finest hearing (for Odin, too, sacrificed one eye and became omniscient). The most famous story of Thors defeat was against a giant king called tgara-Loki, who assigned him a series of challenges that he assumed would be easy. The characters of this franchise have become beloved among the MCU fandom, becoming iconic staples of the series. Idris Elba portrays the MCU's rendition of Heimdall, who does bear some resemblance to his mythological roots. Archaeologists believe that there were protective charms and lent the wearer the gods renowned strength. The Norse people believed that the end of the world and the fall of the gods had been foretold in precise detail and could not be avoided. Legend divided Asgard into 12 or more realms, including Valhalla, the home of Odin and the abode of heroes slain in earthly battle; Thrudheim, the realm of Thor; and Breidablik, the home of Balder. Enter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password. It was at this hour that the earth goddess Erd brought her son Thor into the world. The earliest surviving written records about Odin appear in the Poetic Edda, a collection of oral poems written down in Iceland in the 13th century, and the Prose Edda, written by the Icelandic historian, poet and politician Snorri Sturluson in the 13th century. Jamie Alexander's Lady Sif is based on the mythological character of the same name, who is recognizable by her flowing locks of golden hair. In a moment, Freya called all the gods to her council at the main square. Odin is the Allfather of the Norse gods and the ruler of Asgard. It will work, but half-heartedly and reluctantly. Also known as the Allfather, Odin is the King of Asgard and of the gods, who serves both as the god of war and poetry. Coming back to Jord, it is worth mentioning that the original Old Norse word Jr is also present in an identical or slightly changed form in other Nordic languages, for example, Jr in Icelandic, Jr in Faroese, Jord in Danish, Swedish and Norwegian. By virtue of being Odins son, Tyr was a half-sibling to the chief members of the Aesir tribe. The cult of Thor was very popular in Scandinavia, and its symbols Thors hammers are often found in Scandinavian countries during archaeological excavations. In Northern Europe, Thor was recorded long before the height of Norse culture. The Norse goddess is the daughter of the trickster god Loki and the giantess Angrboa. Odins most famous son is, of course, Thor. Odin (Brahma), Loki (Shiva) and Thor (Vishnu) Thor's strength is so great it threatens the universe itself: It seems obvious that tgara-Loki's giants were terrified for the same reason that Hymir was: rr's strength is great enough to threaten the very structures which hold the universe together. My work has also been published on Buzzfeed and most recently in Time magazine. Many researchers believe that the Scandinavian epos and Slavic ancient legends tell about the same mythical creatures and gods. While Odin was the king of the Aesir gods, Thor was the protector of Asgard, and also mankind. The answer to the question of who will win between Odin and Thanos depends largely on what sort of context the two characters are placed in. The army ile folk of sea-heightsFled before the OppressorOf headland tribes; the dalesmenOf the hill-tops, imperiled,Fled, when Odins kindredStood, enduring staunchly;The Danes of the flood-reefs borderBowed down to the Flame-Shaker. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'coalitionbrewing_com-leader-2','ezslot_13',154,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-coalitionbrewing_com-leader-2-0');He is a powerful Titan and is usually portrayed as being incredibly powerful. His name has been incorporated into the names of both people and places throughout Europe and is the root of the word Thursday. in the comics In spite of his advanced age, Odin is much stronger than most Asgardians, near the time But instead of good fish, they catch the serpent Jormungand. Thor's and Odin's relationship kina reminds Tony's and Christopher's from the Sopranos especially the later seasons when Tony became even more of a dick . For example, the analogy between Thor in her arms and Isis with Horus in her arms is obvious. From her first marriage, she had a son Uu, the god of archers and skiers. There are many differences between Slavic and Scandinavian mythology, but the most interesting difference is the location of the thunder god, who in all Indo-European peoples is at the head of the pantheon, but if the Slavs god Zeus takes the leading place in the pantheon, Thor Norse god takes only second place, yielding the primacy to the war god Odin. According to the. He was the god representing wisdom, death, royalty, and healing. He isn't known for his forward-thinking but rather leading with his fist (or hammer, as the case may be). !Odin b. One of Lokis monstrous children, Jrmundgandr is so large that his body encircles all of Midgard. He would not survive the encounter, however. One could hear in these names the howling of the wind and the creaking of the trees, the storm and the hurricane. The MCU's Odin looks strikingly similar to art depicting the Norse god, scoring points for authenticism in appearance alone. WebNorse Mythology, Gaiman stays true to the myths in envisioning the major Norse pantheon: Odin, the highest of the high, wise, daring, and cunning; Thor, Odins son, incredibly strong yet not the wisest of gods; and Lokison of a giantblood brother to Odin and a trickster and unsurpassable manipulator. Few men, I know, are able to tell thereof, but still he has often been in difficult straits. He jumped up and began to crush the Yetis. Early in the morning, the giantess woke Thor and helped him get ready for battle. Dwarves not only made weapons of the most flexible and strongest steel they were able to masterfully create such small things that humans could not physically see. i m probably not the first person you have said that but yet did find similar and i wanted to see what other people think. It is foretold that this child of Loki would one day break free from his chainsat the outbreak of Ragnarok, the death of the gods, upon which he will swallow the sun and then Odin himself before being put down by the god Vidar. When Loki became an enemy of the gods, Thor was the only one he still deferred to at all because he knew he was no match for the thunder gods anger. After appearing in Germanic folklore for many generations, modern audiences around the world recognize him in comic books and films. According to Norse mythology, the planet of mankind, Midgard, will experience three years of nonstop winter before the end of the world. WebTyr. Jord has two sisters, Audr (Aur translated prosperity) and Dagr (Dagr translated day). His name reflects his essence Thunder. Thor is the son of Odin and the earth goddess Erd, he represents strength (either brute physical strength or subtle strength, say, willpower) because strength was the main virtue of the Vikings. Odin is more powerful than Zeus thanks to the Odin Force. And the giantess Grid became a good friend to all the aces. WebNorse Mythology, Gaiman stays true to the myths in envisioning the major Norse pantheon: Odin, the highest of the high, wise, daring, and cunning; Thor, Odins son, incredibly strong yet not the wisest of gods; and Lokison of a giantblood brother to Odin and a trickster and unsurpassable manipulator. In fact, one of his claims to fame is that the weekday Thursday (Thors day) is named after him. The blow of the hammer causes thunder; with it, Thor enjoyed the joys of his favorite hobby: killing giants. Like the Greeks, the Nordic peoples believed that all things arise from chaos. He is also thought to be omniscient and all-seeing, making him a formidable foe. The Thor films depict characters that are rooted in Norse mythology. Thor himself dies from his poison, which gushes forth like a river from his severed head. Tanngnjostr and Tanngrisnir. WebView community ranking In the Top 5% of largest communities on Reddit Odin at Mimir's well, volurart, watercolour, 2022. comments sorted by Best Top New sorted by Best Top New However, the films altered the story to make her the biological mother of Thor, which is not the case in the myths. After all, wherever Thor was, wherever he went. This theory was held by Thor Heyerdahl. With the help of the Enchantress, Loki succeeded in defeating Odin and claiming Asgard for himself. The most famous of Thors attributes was his war-hammer, Mjlnir. Essentially, Thor can potentially be beaten by those on his level or with mystical weapons or enchantments, but most of the time, it will be a tough battle. Elsewhere, Loki as well as other characters are also described in rather prosaic ways. There is a myth about how Loki cut off her hair, and then, at Thors demand, he made the Zwerg forge for Sif a magic wig of golden threads, which looked wonderful: even the faintest breeze fluttered the thick golden strands, and, in addition, the hair itself grew on her head. Then, he asked Thor to lift up his pet cat, but the god could barely get one paw off the ground. Thor was responsible for the weather, crops, and sea voyages. Like many mythological pantheons, the Norse mythology includes a trickster god, whose shenanigans and treachery are sometimes quite dire--and other times played for laughs. He also displays some prowess in manipulating the human mind, but to a lesser extent than Thor does. Had to overcome boulders and rocks on the way, to wade through the thickets, to swim across the stream. Later Scandinavian tales and legends endowed him with the ability to protect the world from any dark forces. One could hear in these, And Idunns abduction and her return to the gods is thanks to Loki (for an account of the myth, see also the Iron Forest and the Stone Mountains located there. His father is all-knowing and powerful Odin and his brother is Loki, god of mischief, Thor also In ancient Norse mythology, Trondheim is the residence of Thor, the son of Odin. The climax of the poem is the epic fight between Thor and Geirrr, which involves the throwing of red-hot pieces of iron and the eventual killing of Geirrr and As a creature made of 100 serpents all entwined together Typhon brings fear even among the gods. Jordan Iacobucci is an avid reader and movie fan, and has been since childhood. Through this battle, the poem highlights Thors incredible strength and bravery, cementing his status as a legendary figure in Norse mythology. from different sources canon to Norse mythology. I can conclude that Thor is more powerful than Odin in Norse mythology. Being the king doesnt mak Thor, however, is the star of many Norse tales. The outcome of the battle could have been due to the fact that Odin likely held back, as he is often portrayed as the more wise and cautious of the two. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'coalitionbrewing_com-leader-4','ezslot_16',156,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-coalitionbrewing_com-leader-4-0');In the end, results of such a battle would depend largely of the context in which it takes place, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of each character, and any other factors that may influence the outcome. He is known to have particular respect for magic and its powers, since he himself is adept in many spells and techniques. So he was left with magic mittens and a belt of power, after that battle. Thrsdrpa was written by the court poet Eilfr Gornarson, who was at the court of Earl Hkon of Hlair. WebIf Idun were to be captured, unable to provide the Norse Gods with her apples, they will slowly age and eventually wither away into the wind. WebLikewise his father Odin had a chariot pulled by a flying 8-legged horse named Sleipnir. Thor was born in a Norse cave, from where. Pre-Odinforce Odin was able to beat down an amped Skyfather with ease. The same Skyfather that Thor needed a large amp to fight and kill, yet still He was finally tasked with wrestling the kings nurse, a shriveled old woman, but was pinned in a matter of moments. As one of only a few poems about Thor it remains an important piece of Norse literature to this day. Odin (Old Norse: inn) is the most powerful and wisest god. In the Footsteps of our Ancestors. The main source about it is the texts of the ancient epic Elder Edda as well as the Edda of S. Sturluson. proving to be one of the best animal sidekicks in the entire MCU. The Vikings mirrored their culture to be like their gods and were a warrior culture, training their male and female children to be Warriors. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. There is an opinion that Thor, like his father Odin, has very real prototypes from the world of living people. I'm going to argue that Thor is more powerful, at least in combat. First of all Odin doesn't really have any good combat feats the stories around h Other theories suggest that a powerful human can potentially defeat Odin, but only under the right circumstances. In many ways, however, the comic Thor remained relatively true to his ancient origins. Instead of gifts, she received blows, instead of, There is a lot to say about Thor, so here we will highlight the most interesting and important. One of the central themes of the poem is the immense difficulty that Thor and his companion, Thjalfi, encounter while facing a powerful river that has been stirred up by a mythical female being. Thor is the Norse god of thunder and lightning. There is a lot to say about Thor, so here we will highlight the most interesting and important Thor Viking god facts. Thor does not need to fly. It is also very often asked about the god of war Thor. Loki is easily one of the most unique and enigmatic characters within Norse mythology, as discussed in the previous article covering him. When Magni was three nights old, he saved his father. It , The poem Thrsdrpa is a fascinating tale that recounts one of the great adventures of the Norse god Thor. He is currently obtaining an English degree and lives outside Raleigh, North Carolina with his family. When the dwarves were busy making the hammer, Loki, the god of cunning and deception, tried to stop them. Though his godly soul can never truly be killed, as it just passes onto a new asgardian form, Thor is still highly susceptible to physical death. Igg is one of Odins heiti. Beautiful Freya almost threw them out of the house, enraged, and burst out of indignation so that the chambers shook, and from the neck broke the precious necklace Bruising. In one story, for example, a dwarf named Alviss claims that he is engaged to be married to Thors daughter. Together, they began to assure Thor that they would love him even more if he saved everyone from misfortune. Thor considered the giants his greatest enemies. In addition to its traditional accuracy and ability to return to Thors hand, the hammer also granted him the power to fly and could give anyone worthy the same strength as the god. Thrym grew suspicious when Freyja ate several whole animals and drained three casks of mead at a feast, but Loki told him that she had been so nervous that she had not eaten for several days. Also, people considered Loki the brother of Thor. But most of all Thor cared about people; he guarded Mitgard against giants and monsters, almost constantly battling them in the far and cold east otherwise, their kind would have grown, filled with itself all, like a weed, leaving no place for anyone. As a gift from the giantess Grid, one of Odins wives, he received the Belt of Power; when you put it on, the fortress becomes twice as strong. To put it simply Snorris edda and most whole source on norse mythology statea that Odin is the most powerful of the Aesir. Thor is the physically s Based on lines from Grimnirs Speeches, E. Orchard assumes that Trudheim is also located in Asgard. Because he was Odins son, Thor was also the brother of many of the other gods in the Norse pantheon. Odins name in Old Norse is inn. Odin (/ o d n /; from Old Norse: inn) is a widely revered god in Germanic paganism. They turned to Loki for help. After much searching, he learned that a giant named Drymr (Thrym) had taken it and demanded to marry Freyja in exchange for its return. But many elements of the character, from his incredible strength to his bravado, would be very familiar to the people of Viking Age Scandinavia. Family Tree. The god Ullr was called his stepson, Sifs son, by some poets and others said that Jrnsaxa was one of the nine sisters who collectively were mothers of Heimdall. He does not, however, die in battle against Loki, but against the Mad Titan Thanos. Marvel has one of the largest active pantheons in the comic book industry. And the war-wonted journeyedTill the hill-womens WasterCame to Gangrs blood, the Vimur;Then Lokis bale-repeller,Eager in anger, lavishOf valor, longed to struggleAgainst the maid, kinswomanOf the sedge-cowled giant. Zeus, on the other hand, is most known for his mastery over lightning and thunder, although his magical powers may be more limited. Here and got up with him Bilge, instantly grabbed his hammer and was off. Thrsdrpa also describes Thors triumphant struggle against a host of giants. Loki for example is the Winding sea snakes father or the Never faithful searcher. It is important to note that he is an incredibly powerful deity who is the king of Asgard and wields the powerful magical spear Gungnir. He is viewed as the source of strength, wisdom and knowledge in Norse mythology and is also said to have control over fate itself. WebGenerally speaking, Odin is regarded as the more powerful of the two, as he is seen as the Allfather and ruler of Asgard. It is worth noting that ordinary people treated the magic hammer of the thunder with great reverence and often used his image as a talisman. Some stories showcased Thors wit more than his raw power. From the ancient Scandinavian Bilskirnir translates as the rattle of lightning.. Odin is an immensely important figure in Norse mythology, perhaps the most important of the Asgardian gods. He is able to heal quickly from injuries, his body purges toxins, and he can even regenerate lost limbs at a much faster pace than that of a human. As a sky god, Thor is part of a long tradition of deities who commanded thunder and brought on storms.
Neomycin Ear Drops Clogged Ears, Does Suze Orman Have Children, Effects Of Imperialism In Southeast Asia, Suzanne Stevens Becker, What Does Cr Mean In Warrior Cats, Articles W